The Burney Relief
This is a Mesopotamian terracotta plaque dated from 1800-1750BC of an unknown goddess.
From the wikipedia page
Thorkild Jacobsen identified the figure as Inanna (Akkadian: Ishtar) in an analysis that is primarily based on textual evidence. According to Jacobsen:
The hypothesis that this tablet was created for worship makes it unlikely that a demon was depicted. Demons had no cult in Mesopotamian religious practice since demons "know no food, know no drink, eat no flour offering and drink no libation." Therefore, "no relationship of giving and taking could be established with them";
The horned crown is a symbol of divinity, and the fact that it is four-tiered suggests one of the principal gods of the Mesopotamian pantheon;
Inanna was the only goddess that was associated with lions. For example, a hymn by En-hedu-ana specifically mentions "Inanna, seated on crossed (or harnessed) lions"
The rod-and-ring symbol, her necklace and her wig are all attributes that are explicitly referred to in the myth of Inanna's descent into the nether world.
Jacobsen quotes textual evidence that the Akkadian word eššebu (owl) corresponds to the Sumerian word ninna, and that the Sumerian Dnin-ninna (Divine lady ninna) corresponds to the Akkadian Ishtar. The Sumerian ninna can also be translated as the Akkadian kilili, which is also a name or epithet for Ishtar. Inanna/Ishtar as harlot or goddess of harlots was a well known theme in Mesopotamian mythology and in one text, Inanna is called kar-kid (harlot) and ab-ba-[šú]-šú, which in Akkadian would be rendered kilili. Thus there appears to be a cluster of metaphors linking prostitute and owl and the goddess Inanna/Ishtar; this could match the most enigmatic component of the relief to a well known aspect of Ishtar. Jacobsen concludes that this link would be sufficient to explain talons and wings, and adds that nudity could indicate the relief was originally the house-altar of a bordello.
I like the logic behind the argument saying that because demons don't eat or drink it's impossible to form a meaningful relationship with them.
How to setup mpd on debian
mpd, the music player daemon, runs as a background process and plays or streams your music under command from a mpd client communicating via a tcp socket. Once you've got it working it's great, your music is always available, it can play every possible weird format in any configuration, and it's tolerant of missing files but setting it up is painful because the debian packages are old and broken.
The main issue is the binary package sets mpd to run at the system level but pulseaudio expects apps with user privileges. A system level audio stream will block sounds generated in userspace. This causes firefox to hang where it should mix with your other audio and if you have a notification that plays a sound it will block all of these until you run out of memory from thousands of pending streams. In the mpd config file you can tell it to drop privileges but this doesn't work. Also frustrating is the binary runs as a daemon by default so it's easy to get into situations where there are multiple instances all wrestling for the audio stream.
The solution is to setup mpd as a user process. Systemd can do this but it's not well known and the recommended hack for fixing audio privilege issues was a hack where you setup a tcp socket stream from your system level mpd and connect to this using another pulseaudio hack. I used this for several years until I finally learned the right way of doing things.
Installing mpd
First uninstall the mpd package and install dependencies. mpd has a massive list of dependencies.
sudo apt remove mpd
sudo apt build-dep mpd
Download the latest release from their webpage
They suggest running:
sudo apt install meson g++ \
libpcre3-dev \
libmad0-dev libmpg123-dev libid3tag0-dev \
libflac-dev libvorbis-dev libopus-dev libogg-dev \
libadplug-dev libaudiofile-dev libsndfile1-dev libfaad-dev \
libfluidsynth-dev libgme-dev libmikmod-dev libmodplug-dev \
libmpcdec-dev libwavpack-dev libwildmidi-dev \
libsidplay2-dev libsidutils-dev libresid-builder-dev \
libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev \
libmp3lame-dev libtwolame-dev libshine-dev \
libsamplerate0-dev libsoxr-dev \
libbz2-dev libcdio-paranoia-dev libiso9660-dev libmms-dev \
libzzip-dev \
libcurl4-gnutls-dev libyajl-dev libexpat-dev \
libasound2-dev libao-dev libjack-jackd2-dev libopenal-dev \
libpulse-dev libshout3-dev \
libsndio-dev \
libmpdclient-dev \
libnfs-dev \
libupnp-dev \
libavahi-client-dev \
libsqlite3-dev \
libsystemd-dev \
libgtest-dev \
libboost-dev \
libicu-dev \
libchromaprint-dev \
libgcrypt20-dev
But I remove gnutls from this list because I'm not sure about installing a package that wants to replace one I already have.
Configure, compile, and install the source with meson and ninja:
meson . output/release --buildtype=debugoptimized -Db_ndebug=true
ninja -C output/release
ninja -C output/release install
During the configuration step you may see missing features because of missing dependencies, this is ok. I've never succeeded in fulfilling the entire list of dependencies. Next go into /etc and remove any service files the binary package may have installed:
cd /etc/
rm systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mpd.service
rm systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mpd.socket
rm systemd/user/mpd.service
rm systemd/user/mpd.socket
rm systemd/user/default.target.wants/mpd.service
Copy the service file and symlink it to the user level systemd directory. I haven't had to setup a socket file. Note that in the source they include the service files as intermediate files so you have to pull them from your output (build) directory:
cd <source directory>/output/release/systemd/user/
sudo cp mpd.service /usr/local/lib/systemd/user/
cd systemd/user/default.target.wants/
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/systemd/user/mpd.service .
Copy the mpd.conf file to your home directory. Apparently they don't ship a template of this file with the source code, generate it in the compiled output, or install it to /usr/local/share/.
cd ~/
mkdir .mpd
sudo mv /etc/mpd.conf ~/.mpd/
The man.conf(5) page says mpd looks for it's configuration in these four places and in this order:
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/mpd/mpd.conf
~/.mpdconf
~/.mpd/mpd.conf
/etc/mpd.conf
Make sure you only have one file. I prefer ~/.mpd/mpd.conf.
Modify this file with your settings. Here's mine:
music_directory "/home/na/mp3"
playlist_directory "/home/na/.mpd/playlists"
db_file "/home/na/.mpd/mpd.db"
log_file "/home/na/.mpd/mpd.log"
pid_file "/home/na/.mpd/pid"
state_file "/home/na/.mpd/state"
sticker_file "/home/na/.mpd/sticker.sql"
user "na"
bind_to_address "localhost"
port "6600"
log_level "default"
auto_update "yes"
audio_output {
type "pulse"
name "My Pulse Output"
}
connection_timeout "60"
max_connections "50"
max_playlist_length "16384"
max_command_list_size "2048"
max_output_buffer_size "8192"
Before you start the service run it by hand to see if everything works.
ps ax | grep mpd # make sure there isn't some service already running!
mpd --no-daemon /etc/mpd.conf
Use mpc as a simple client to setup the playlist
mpc update # update the database of files
mpc add / # add everything to the current playlist
mpc toggle # play/pause
Running it by hand should make the problem immediately obvious but you can also look at ~/.mpd/log. Finally setup the systemd user service:
systemctl enable mpd --user
systemctl start mpd --user
I use vimpc as a console client - it's great.
Out of eggs?
Blood has a similar coagulation temperature and almost the same amount of protein per gram. Just use this substitution:
1 egg (approx. 58 g/unit) = 65 g of blood1 egg white (approx. 33 g/unit) = 43 g of blood
Is it a game?
Wait, what?
OMG! What is it?!
Hmm.
Rare picture of na in the 80's (wearing white pants).
The infrequently updated blog.